Beginner lesson · Matthew 28 · Mark 16 · Luke 24 · John 20
What do the four Gospels say about Jesus’ resurrection?
Read four distinct accounts of the empty tomb, the first witnesses, and the reports that Jesus was alive.
The verse-numbered quotations below are Scripture from the World English Bible. The summaries, interpretation, paraphrase, and open questions are Embergrain commentary, not Scripture. Each passage links to its WEB chapter at eBible.org.
Scripture quotation
The verse-numbered excerpts below are Scripture. The context, interpretation, paraphrase, and application that follow are Embergrain commentary.
Scripture · WEB
World English Bible · Matthew 28:1–10
Selected excerpt · Matthew 28:5–10
5The angel answered the women, “Don’t be afraid, for I know that you seek Jesus, who has been crucified.
6He is not here, for he has risen, just like he said. Come, see the place where the Lord was lying.
7Go quickly and tell his disciples, ‘He has risen from the dead, and behold, he goes before you into Galilee; there you will see him.’ Behold, I have told you.”
8They departed quickly from the tomb with fear and great joy, and ran to bring his disciples word.
9As they went to tell his disciples, behold, Jesus met them, saying, “Rejoice!” They came and took hold of his feet, and worshiped him.
10Then Jesus said to them, “Don’t be afraid. Go tell my brothers that they should go into Galilee, and there they will see me.”
Read this source text before the Embergrain commentary below.
Scripture · WEB
World English Bible · Mark 16:1–11
Selected excerpt · Mark 16:5–11
5Entering into the tomb, they saw a young man sitting on the right side, dressed in a white robe; and they were amazed.
6He said to them, “Don’t be amazed. You seek Jesus, the Nazarene, who has been crucified. He has risen! He is not here. See the place where they laid him!
7But go, tell his disciples and Peter, ‘He goes before you into Galilee. There you will see him, as he said to you.’”
8They went out, and fled from the tomb, for trembling and astonishment had come on them. They said nothing to anyone; for they were afraid.
9Now when he had risen early on the first day of the week, he appeared first to Mary Magdalene, from whom he had cast out seven demons.
10She went and told those who had been with him, as they mourned and wept.
11When they heard that he was alive and had been seen by her, they disbelieved.
Read this source text before the Embergrain commentary below.
Scripture · WEB
World English Bible · Luke 24:1–12
Selected excerpt · Luke 24:1–12
1But on the first day of the week, at early dawn, they and some others came to the tomb, bringing the spices which they had prepared.
2They found the stone rolled away from the tomb.
3They entered in, and didn’t find the Lord Jesus’ body.
4While they were greatly perplexed about this, behold, two men stood by them in dazzling clothing.
5Becoming terrified, they bowed their faces down to the earth. The men said to them, “Why do you seek the living among the dead?
6He isn’t here, but is risen. Remember what he told you when he was still in Galilee,
7saying that the Son of Man must be delivered up into the hands of sinful men and be crucified, and the third day rise again?”
8They remembered his words,
9returned from the tomb, and told all these things to the eleven and to all the rest.
10Now they were Mary Magdalene, Joanna, and Mary the mother of James. The other women with them told these things to the apostles.
11These words seemed to them to be nonsense, and they didn’t believe them.
12But Peter got up and ran to the tomb. Stooping and looking in, he saw the strips of linen lying by themselves, and he departed to his home, wondering what had happened.
Read this source text before the Embergrain commentary below.
Scripture · WEB
World English Bible · John 20:1–18
Selected excerpt · John 20:1–2, 6–10, 14–18
1Now on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene went early, while it was still dark, to the tomb, and saw that the stone had been taken away from the tomb.
2Therefore she ran and came to Simon Peter and to the other disciple whom Jesus loved, and said to them, “They have taken away the Lord out of the tomb, and we don’t know where they have laid him!”
6Then Simon Peter came, following him, and entered into the tomb. He saw the linen cloths lying,
7and the cloth that had been on his head, not lying with the linen cloths, but rolled up in a place by itself.
8So then the other disciple who came first to the tomb also entered in, and he saw and believed.
9For as yet they didn’t know the Scripture, that he must rise from the dead.
10So the disciples went away again to their own homes.
14When she had said this, she turned around and saw Jesus standing, and didn’t know that it was Jesus.
15Jesus said to her, “Woman, why are you weeping? Who are you looking for?” She, supposing him to be the gardener, said to him, “Sir, if you have carried him away, tell me where you have laid him, and I will take him away.”
16Jesus said to her, “Mary.” She turned and said to him, “Rabboni!” which is to say, “Teacher!”
17Jesus said to her, “Don’t hold me, for I haven’t yet ascended to my Father; but go to my brothers and tell them, ‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.’”
18Mary Magdalene came and told the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and that he had said these things to her.
Read this source text before the Embergrain commentary below.
Related passages
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What the Gospels say
What the Gospels say
Matthew 28:1–10 names Mary Magdalene and the other Mary. An angel tells them Jesus has risen and sends them to the disciples; as they go, Jesus meets them, and they take hold of his feet and worship him.
Mark 16:1–11 names Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome. A young man announces that Jesus has risen. The women flee in fear; verses 9–11 then report that Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene and that the others initially disbelieve her report.
Luke 24:1–12 names Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Mary the mother of James, and other women. Two men tell them Jesus has risen. The women report this to the apostles, who do not believe them at first; Peter runs to the tomb and leaves wondering.
John 20:1–18 begins with Mary Magdalene finding the stone moved. After Peter and another disciple inspect the tomb, Mary sees Jesus, recognizes him when he speaks her name, and tells the disciples that she has seen the Lord.
- World English Bible · Matthew 28:1–10— Read Matthew 28 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)
- World English Bible · Mark 16:1–11— Read Mark 16 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)
- World English Bible · Luke 24:1–12— Read Luke 24 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)
- World English Bible · John 20:1–18— Read John 20 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)
Interpretation
Interpretation
Across these accounts, the empty tomb is joined to an announcement or encounter identifying Jesus as alive. Matthew and John describe women meeting him, and Mark 16:9–11 reports an appearance to Mary Magdalene. The shared claim is that Jesus has been raised and that his followers become witnesses, even as the narratives select and arrange different scenes.
A careful Christian reading can say these Gospel passages present resurrection as more than a continuing memory: Matthew says the women take hold of Jesus’ feet, and John depicts Mary speaking with him. That is what the texts report. These passages invite readers to consider the claim; the study does not treat its interpretation as another verse or as proof that settles every historical question on its own.
- World English Bible · Matthew 28:1–10— Read Matthew 28 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)
- World English Bible · Mark 16:1–11— Read Mark 16 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)
- World English Bible · Luke 24:1–12— Read Luke 24 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)
- World English Bible · John 20:1–18— Read John 20 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)
Paraphrase
Paraphrase
In plain language: women go to Jesus’ tomb and find it open and empty. They hear that he has risen. In Matthew and John, women encounter Jesus; Mark’s printed ending also reports an appearance to Mary, while Luke’s opening scene follows the women’s report and Peter’s visit. The disciples do not all understand or believe immediately, and the witnesses carry the news to others.
This is Embergrain’s plain-language summary of the passages above, not Scripture and not a substitute for reading each Gospel account.
Open questions
Open questions
The accounts differ in which women they name, how they describe the messengers at the tomb, and which events they place in focus. These excerpts do not provide one combined timetable or narrate the moment Jesus rises. Readers can compare the accounts without claiming that every difference has been resolved here.
The World English Bible includes Mark 16:9–20 and its chapter page notes that a few manuscripts omit those verses; the WEB translators also state their view that the longer ending is reliable. This lesson quotes verses 9–11 as they appear in the WEB and leaves the textual-history question open for readers to examine at the linked source.
The passages report what their narrators say the women and disciples saw, heard, and did. They do not answer every question about exact chronology, how each person came to believe, or how a modern reader should weigh the claim. Those are open questions for further reading, distinct from the quoted Scripture.
- World English Bible · Matthew 28:1–10— Read Matthew 28 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)
- World English Bible · Mark 16:1–11— Read Mark 16 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)
- World English Bible · Luke 24:1–12— Read Luke 24 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)
- World English Bible · John 20:1–18— Read John 20 at eBible.org(opens in a new tab)